Absolute Lymphocyte Count

Lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and help the immune system fight against infections and certain diseases. These cells are an important part of the immune system response, and changes in their numbers tell valuable information about an individual's immune system health.

An Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) test helps detect and monitor infections, such as tuberculosis, hepatitis, etc. It can be used to evaluate other immune system disorders, such as autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency disorders, and lymphoproliferative disorders. Additionally, this test monitors the effectiveness of cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and detects their potential side effects. 

A low ALC, also known as lymphocytopenia, indicates a decreased number of lymphocytes in the blood that is suggestive of several conditions, such as viral infections, bacterial infections, autoimmune disorders, bone marrow disorders, etc. Generally, lymphocytopenia increases the risk of infections and affects the body’s ability to fight them off. On the other hand, a high ALC, also known as lymphocytosis, indicates an increased number of lymphocytes in the blood that is suggestive of conditions like certain viral and bacterial infections, leukemia, lymphoma, autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammatory disorders, etc. The specific symptoms and complications of low and high ALCs usually depend on the underlying causes. No special preparation is required for an ALC test; eat or drink as per your daily routine. 

Test result ranges are approximate and may differ slightly between different labs depending on the methodology and laboratory guidelines. Talk to your doctor about your specific test results. The results will help them determine your medical condition and formulate your overall treatment plan.