PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) Total

The prostate is a small walnut-shaped gland located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum in males. It produces a protein called PSA that is mostly found in semen (also produced by the prostate gland). This protein helps in sperm motility during ejaculation in males. 

A PSA test helps determine the level of PSA, which if higher than normal, may be indicative of enlarged or inflamed prostate, urinary tract infection or irritation, or other problems with the prostate gland. The possible risk factors for high PSA levels are aging, prior family history, or a high-fat diet. This test also serves as a useful tool to detect and monitor the progression of prostate cancer because PSA levels increase in the blood in the case of prostate cancer, the second most common type of solid cancer in men. It does not show any symptoms in its early stage but may be fatal as it progresses to its advanced stages. Therefore, prostate health screening is important, particularly for those at higher risk. This test can also be used to check for cancer recurrence in those who have completed prostate cancer treatment.

You can eat and drink as per your daily routine before undergoing a PSA test. However, ask your doctor about the required preparation before this test. Let them know about all the medicines you take as certain medicines may alter your test results. They may also ask you to avoid sexual intercourse for at least 48 hours before your test, as semen release can increase your PSA levels leading to inaccurate results. 

Test result ranges are approximate and may differ slightly between different labs depending on the methodology and laboratory guidelines. Talk to your doctor about your specific test results. Narrate your complete medical history to help them correlate your clinical and laboratory findings and formulate your treatment plan.